abstract：:Musculoskeletal changes that are related to osteoporosis can be prevented, challenged, or reduced with implementation of proper rehabilitation programs. The nonpharmacologic interventions recommended here are evidence-based and have resulted from controlled trials and studies. ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Sinaki M

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a difficult diagnosis in patients of all ages, but more so in the elderly. Nonspecific symptoms and laboratory results are often misattributed to common diseases or to age itself, and can delay or even deter the diagnosis and treatment of PE. Advanced age is sometimes mistakenly seen as a co...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Berman AR,Arnsten JH

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Improvements in delivery systems for enteral feeding, in formulas, and in the understanding of complications have made the technology for enteral feeding easy to apply. Adequate nutrients can be delivered, and individual tolerance for feeding is acceptable. The remaining question is when to apply the technology. Formu...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Haddad RY,Thomas DR

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of its wide prevalence and its grave consequences on the health of older persons, malnutrition requires immediate attention. Physicians in general have been described as being nutritionally blind in their slowness to recognize undernutrition. A high degree of suspicion, a thorough history and physical examinat...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Omran ML,Salem P

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both primary and secondary cancer prevention may improve cancer control among older persons. Although chemoprevention of cancer is feasible, the agents currently used for chemoprevention have several complications. As a result, the use of these substances should be individualized based on risk-benefit ratio. It is rea...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Balducci L,Beghé C

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Postprandial hypotension is a prevalent condition in the elderly population and seems to be more common in frail elderly individuals who may be more susceptible to complications such as syncope and falls. Diagnosis is relatively easy and may be reversible in many cases. The epidemiology and pathophysiology of postpran...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： O'Mara G,Lyons D

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Falls, syncope, and the associated complications are among the most serious problems that face the elderly population. The most common underlying causes and risk factors for falls include muscle weakness, gait and balance problems, visual impairment, cognitive impairment, depression, functional decline, and particular...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Rubenstein LZ,Josephson KR

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin ulcers of the lower extremities have a chronic, relapsing course and often are difficult to manage. Leg ulcers remain a significant management challenge to health care professionals. This article focuses on the various causes of leg ulcers, with an emphasis on venous disease. Characteristic clinical findings and ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Paquette D,Falanga V

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What are the dermatologic needs of aging and skin disease in the elderly in the new millennium? This question may be impossible to answer, but predictions may be derived from current sources of data. Data from the US Census Bureau and the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey are used to characterize current use of ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Smith ES,Fleischer AB Jr,Feldman SR

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients commonly are left to suffer from pain that affects their daily lives. The prevalence of undertreated, moderate to severe pain is a public health problem in many countries, including the United States. In many cases, opioids should be the mainstay for the treatment of this level of pain, but they often are not...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Fujimoto D

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral signs and symptoms in dementia are common, morbid, classifiable, and treatable. The current state-of-the-art approach is to evaluate carefully for social or environmental causes, intercurrent medical conditions, or other triggers of the behavior and attempt to deal with those directly. When these conservati...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Tariot PN,Ryan JM,Porsteinsson AP,Loy R,Schneider LS

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aspirin in a dose of 160 to 325 mg should be administered on day 1 of an acute MI and continued indefinitely on a daily basis. Thrombolytic therapy should be administered within 6 to 12 hours after the onset of an acute MI with ST segment elevation or with left bundle branch block. Primary coronary angioplasty when av...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Aronow WS

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain is a common problem encountered among elderly people in subacute and long-term care facilities. Pain often is underestimated and undertreated in these settings. Most pain problems can be improved by careful assessment and careful use of analgesic drugs and nondrug strategies. Subacute care and other long-term car...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Ferrell BA

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Subacute care is a program of care for individuals with recent or current illness or injury. Currently, the services received by patients in subacute care vary considerably among sites, partly because these sites may specialize in certain treatments and partly because providers often define subacute care according to ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Levenson S

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The utility of cardiac rehabilitation for elderly cardiac patients is controversial, and cost, logistic barriers, and encumbering comorbidities often seem disproportionate. Many clinicians view the emphasis of cardiac rehabilitation on behavior modification and risk-factor reduction as irrelevant for very old adults a...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Forman DE,Farquhar W

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major focuses of geriatric medicine are cardiovascular diseases with increases in prevalence in older people and how aging might modify the risk factors, clinical manifestations, treatment strategies, and prognoses of these diseases. Quantitative information on age-associated alterations in cardiovascular structure an...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Lakatta EG

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many health care professionals lack knowledge about artificial nutrition and hydration at the end of life or may hold different attitudes about artificial nutrition and hydration compared with other treatments. Consequently, they may convey inaccurate or misleading information to patients or their surrogate decision m...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Huang ZB,Ahronheim JC

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapid growth of the geriatric sector of the population has, in part, led to the explosion of the home care industry and the rebirth of the house call. Understanding the population being served is always the first step in providing excellent care. Older people who are frail and homebound have physical, social, and ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： LoFaso V

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over one-third of Medicare stroke patients are admitted to nursing homes for rehabilitation. Patients with stroke who are admitted to nursing homes are extremely heterogeneous, including both those with minimal physical and cognitive impairment and those who are totally physically dependent. Quality measures that are ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Kramer AM,Coleman EA

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of endarterectomy for patients with symptomatic high-grade stenosis of the extracranial carotid artery has been firmly established. Those with asymptomatic carotid disease may also be candidates for the operation. A thorough understanding of the benefits and risks of the operation for the individual patie...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Goldstein LB

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mesenteric ischemia is a well-recognized clinical entity among the elderly. Although first described more than 500 years ago, advances in both diagnostic and treatment regimens only minimally have improved on the bleak morbidity and mortality rates associated with this disease. Significant progress, however, has been ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Ruotolo RA,Evans SR

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on studies that pertain to obesity and aging. The prevalence of obesity in the elderly is discussed, with an emphasis on body-fat distribution as it relates to morbidity and mortality rates. Treatment options, such as physical activity, growth hormones, and drug therapy, are briefly mentioned. A se...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Kotz CM,Billington CJ,Levine AS

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within some parts of the United Kingdom major deficiencies in diabetes care for older adults exist; these include lack of screening for the disorder, failure to evaluate complications, lack of individual management plans, and failure to appreciate the role of informal caregivers. The prevalence of diabetes in the elde...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Sinclair AJ

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in adult Americans. This disease remains undetected in one half of the people with this disease. Primary open angle glaucoma is the most common form of the disease. Patients at risk for glaucoma usually have one or more of the following characteristics: advanced age, ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Kendrick R

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contemporary acute hospital care of older adults must include special attention to the transitional, or peridischarge, phase of hospitalization. This article reviews the evidence from outcomes data and economic factors that demonstrate that precise transitional planning is a critical element in the care of older hospi...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Hall WJ,Oskvig RO

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical activity protects against the development of chronic disease and disability. There appears to be little risk of damage to joints from regular, moderate-level exercise. Patients with arthritis can safely participate in exercise programs and often have relief of pain and disability. The most difficult problem f...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Ettinger WH Jr

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging implies changes in joint components over a continuum of time that contribute later in life to an increasing frequency of clinical complaints and impairments in function and mobility. This article considers how aging appears to modify the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, muscle, the soft tissues, synovial m...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Hamerman D

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathophysiology of stone disorder in older adults, as compared to their younger counterparts, has not been thoroughly investigated. This article examines the differences in serum and urine chemistries between groups that are younger and older than 60 years of age. The principal finding is that stone formation occu...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Goldfarb DS,Parks JH,Coe FL

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article attempts to summarize some of the pertinent literature in the context of the authors' clinical experience and suggests that a comprehensive psychiatric and medical evaluation, as well as a combined behavioral/environmental approach together with appropriate pharmacotherapy, are important tools in the mana...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Mintzer JE,Hoernig KS,Mirski DF

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms of development and aging is elucidated, the need to understand the relationships among tissues, organ systems, health habits, nutrition, physical activity, and environmental factors on successful aging becomes more explicit. Progress in our understanding of how the imm...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Heuser MD,Adler WH

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of education in preventing and treating patients with pressure ulcers is evident by the inclusion of recommendations for educational objectives in the clinical guidelines by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. Both caregiver and client should be assessed for knowledge of pressure ulcers. Phy...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Ayello EA,Mezey M,Amella EJ

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than half of all lymphomas occur in patients aged 60 years or older. This article reviews the management of low-grade and aggressive histology lymphomas in patients older than age 65. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy is well tolerated in patients who have a good perfo...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： O'Reilly SE,Connors JM,Macpherson N,Klasa R,Hoskins P

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer in the oldest old is a novel problem, due to the recent burgeoning of the population aged 85 and older. This article addresses three critical questions related to cancer in the oldest old: Does the incidence of cancer increase after age 95? Is cancer a common cause of death for the oldest old? Is cancer accurat...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Stanta G,Campagner L,Cavallieri F,Giarelli L

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental change offers an attractive approach to falls prevention, particularly as part of multidimensional intervention strategies. This article reviews and summarizes prior research that has examined environmental factors in falls experienced by older people in community and long-term care settings. Limitations...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Connell BR

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Falling is often a multifactorial syndrome that can be viewed from several perspectives, including pathophysiologic, biomedical, functional, and ecologic models. The history, physical examination, and performance testing are the cornerstones of evaluation. Diagnostic testing in selected cases and environmental evaluat...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Studenski S,Rigler SK

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To summarize, there has been shamefully little empirical research directly examining the prevalence and correlates of pain among cognitively impaired older people. Even less is known about techniques for assessing and managing pain in this group. Existing evidence suggests that cognitively impaired older persons may v...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Parmelee PA

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of nonpain symptoms is integral to good palliative care of the terminally ill elder. This article reviews the management of common physical symptoms observed during the dying process, including nausea and vomiting, dyspnea, cough, constipation, diarrhea, bowel obstruction, and xerostomia. Alleviation of ...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Rousseau P

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article discusses the specific effects of smoking on the heart and coronary arteries and demonstrates how these effects increase the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The conflicting results of various studies concerning the association of smoking and coronary heart disease in older persons are rev...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Tresch DD,Aronow WS

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article draws attention to some of the unique aspects of diabetes mellitus in the elderly and outlines the principles of management of diabetes in this age group with emphasis on diet therapy. The implications of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial for the elderly person with diabetes is also briefly dis...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Fonseca V,Wall J

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A basic medical director function is to help draft and implement policies and procedures. Physicians should not underestimate the knowledge and skills involved in doing it well. Instead of viewing this role as merely unpleasant paper work, they should look beneath the surface for the much broader implications. Effecti...

journal_title：Clinics in geriatric medicine

authors： Levenson SA

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00